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References

Anon. 1933. Report of studies conducted at Asheville, NC. USDA, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, Forest Insect Investigations, 31 pp.

Anon. 1950. Southern Forest Experiment Station Quarterly Report (Oct. – Dec.).

Beal, J.A. 1929. Tree injection.

Beal, James A. and Calvin L. Massey. 1945. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Duke University School of Forestry Bulletin 10.

Bennett, W.H. 1971. Silvicultural techniques will help control bark beetles. Proceedings, 1971 Southern Regional Technical Conference. Society of American Foresters, pp. 289-295.

Billings, R.F. 1979. Detecting and aerially evaluating southern pine outbreaks. South. J. Appl. For 3:50-54.

Billings, Ronald F. 1990. Insect behavioral chemicals: promising new approaches for forest pest Management. Forest Farmer 49(3): 13-15.

Billings, R.F. 1979. Detecting and aerially evaluating southern pine beetle outbreaks – operation guides. South. J. Applied Forestry3: 50-54.

Billings, R.F. and B. G. Hynum. 1980. Southern pine beetle: guide for predicting timber losses from expanding spots in east Texas. Texas For. Ser. Cir. 249. 2pp.

Billings, Ronald F. 1989. Old friends, old enemies. Texas Forestry 30(10).

Billings, R. F. 1980. Direct control. Chapter 10 in “The southern pine beetle.: R.C. Thatcher, J.L. Searcy, J.E. Coster, and G.O. Hertel, eds. USDA Tech. Bull. 1631. pp. 179-192.

Billings, R.F. and H.A. Pase, III. 1979. Spot proliferation patterns as a measure of the area-wide effectiveness of southern pine beetle control tactics. In, “Evaluating control tactics for the southern pine beetle.” J.E. Coster and J.L. Searcy, eds. USDA Forest Service Tech. Bull. 1613, pp. 86-97.

Billings, R.F. and H.A. Pase, III. 1979a. A field guide for ground checking southern pine beetle spots. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 550. 19 pp.

Billings, R. F. and C. Doggett. 1980. An aerial observer’s guide to recognizing and reporting southern pine beetle spots. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 560. 19 pp.

Coulson, R.N., J.L. Foltz, A.M. Mayyasi, and F.P. Hain. 1975. Quantitative evaluation of frontalure and cacodylic acid treatment effect on within-tree populations of the southern pine beetle. J. Econ. Entomol. 68: 671-678.

Craighead, F.C. and R.A. St. George. 1938. Experimental work with the introduction of chemicals into the sap stream of trees for control on insects. J. For. 36: 26-34.

Dull, C.W. 1980. Loran-C radio navigation systems as an aid to southern pine beetle surveys. USDA Agricultural Handbook No. 567. Combined Forest Pest Research Development Program, Pineville, LA.

Fries, A.L., L.G. Hamilton, D.L. Rights, and M.J. Smith, eds. 1943. Records of the Moravians in North Carolina. North Carolina Historical Comm., Raleigh. P. 2593.

Gmelin, J.F. 1787. Abhandlung uber bie Wurmtrocknis. Verlay Crusious, Liepzig. Quoted in Southern Forest Research Institute Progress Report, July-August 1972.

Hain, F.P. 1980. Sampling and predicting population trends. In Thatcher, R.C., J.L. Searcy, J.E. Coster and G.D. Hertel (eds.). The Southern Pine Beetle USDA Technical Bulletin 1631, pages 107-135.

Hastings, Felton L. and Jack E. Coster. 1981. Field and laboratory evaluations of insecticides for southern pine beetle control. USDA Forest Service, SE Forest Experiment Sta. Gen. Tech. Report SE-21, p. 39.

Hopkins, A.D. 1899. Report on investigations to determine the cause of unhealthy conditions of the spruce and pine from 1880-1893. West Virginia Ag. Exp. Sta. Bull. 56. 461 pp.

Hopkins, A.D. 1909. Bark beetles of the Genus Dendroctonus. USDA Bureau of Ent. Bull 83. 169 pp.

Kinzer, G.W., A.F. Fentiman, T.F. Page, R.L. Folte, J.P. Vite, and G.B. Pitman. 1969. Bark beetle attractants: identification, synthesis and field bioassay of a new compound isolated from Dendroctonus. Nature 221: 477-478.

Lorio, P.L., Jr. 1980. Rating stands for susceptibility to SPB. In Thatcher, R.C., J.L. Searcy, J.E. Coster and G.B. Hertel (eds.). The southern Pine Beetle. USDA Technical Bulletin 1631, pages 153-163.

Mayyasi, A.M., R.N. Coulson, J.L. Foltz and A.E. Harvey. 1975. A quality control approach to the evaluation of survey sampling procedures for the southern pine beetle. Journal of Economic Entomology 68: 336-338.

Miles, B.R. 1987. Tragedy of the Four Notch. American Forests 93 (3 & 4): 26-29, 76-78.

Ollieu, M.M. 1969. Evaluation of alternative southern pine beetle control techniques. Texas Forest Service, Pub. 204, 6pp.

Patterson, J.C. 1930. Control of the mountain pine beetle in lodgepole pine by use of solar heat. USDA Tech. Bull. 198.

Payne, T.L. and R.F. Billings. 1989. Evaluation of (s)-verbenone applications for suppressing southern pine beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) infestations. J. Econ. Entomol. 82: 1702-1708.

Pratt, J.H. 1911. Planning to control the bark beetle. N.C. Geol. and Econ. Survey Pres. Bull. 52, 4 pp.

Pratt, J.H. 1912. The southern pine beetle and its control. N.C. Geol. and Econ. Survey Bull., 4 pp.

Price, T.S., C.A. Doggett, J.M. Pye and T.P. Holmes. 1990. A History of Southern Pine Beetle Outbreaks in the Southern United States. The Georgia Forestry Commission, Macon, GA 35 pp.

Renwich, J.A. 1967. Identificaton of two oxygenated terpenes from the bark beetles Dendroctonus frontalis and Dendrctonus.

Speers, C.F., E.P. Merkel, and B. Ebel. 1955. Tests of insecticides for the control of the southern pine beetle in North Carolina Assoc. South. Ag. Workers Proc. 52:100. beevicomis. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Instit. 23 (10): 355-360.

Stephen, F.M. and M.P. Lih. 1985. A Dendroctonus frontalis infestation growth model: organization, refinement, and utilization, pp. 186-199. In S.J. Branham and R.C. Thatcher (eds.) Proc. Integrated Pest Management Research Symposium. USDA Gen. Tech. Rep. SO-56, Asheville, NC.

St. George, R.H. and R.W. Caird. 1929. Report on tree medication studies. USDA Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, forest Insect Investigations. 13 pp.

St. George, R.H. 1932. Progress report of experiments to control the southern pine beetle under shade tree conditions. USDA, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, Forest Insect Investigations, 11 pp.

St. George, R.H. and Huckenpahler. 1933. Progress report on tree injection studies. USDA, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, Forest Insect Investigations.

St. George, R.H. 1934. Tree injection report. USDA, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, Forest Insect Investigations. 19 pp.

Swain, K.M. and M.C. Remion. 1981. Direct control methods for the southern pine beetle. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 575. 15 pp.

Thatcher, R.C., G.N. Mason, G.D. Hertel and J.L. Searcy. 1982. Detecting and controlling southern pine beetle. Sou. Jour. App. For. 6(3): 153-158.

Thatcher, R.C., J.L. Searcy, J.E. Coster and Gerald D. Hertel. 1980. The southern pine beetle. USDA Forest Service Tech. Bull. 1631, p. 266.

Williamson, D.L. and J. P. Vite. 1971. Impact of insecticidal control on the southern pine beetle population in east Texas. J. Econ. Entomol. 64: 1440-1444.

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